Product Description
HangZhou CZPT forging co.,ltd. is located in HangZhou city of China. The factory was founded in 1985 and is a certified ISO9001:2015 manufacturer, specializing in forging and machining parts. The products are mainly used in construction machinery, agricultural machinery, forestry machinery, vehicle and motorcycle, high-speed railway, industrial valve, etc. We could also develop new products according to customer's specific requirements.
We have a mature production process from raw materials to forging, heat treatment, machining, surface treatment, etc. The materials include carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, aluminum and cooper. The main forging press includes 300T, 400T, 630T, 1000T, 1600T and 2500T, which covers product weight from 0.1kg to 100kg. The main machining equipment includes lathe, planer, drilling machine, tapping machine, line cutting, milling machine, CNC machining center, polishing machine etc., ensuring that we can fulfill different machining requirements from our customers.
We have an individual team of well experienced QC staff and many high-educated technical engineers who work throughout the whole manufacturing processes i. e., incoming raw materials, production, and final output, to ensure that our products are of high-quality. The main inspection equipment includes chemical analyzer, hardness tester, tensile-strength tester, magnetic powder flaw detector, metallographic analyzer, etc.
High quality products, reasonable price, prompt delivery, and superior service ensure marketing competitiveness. Our factory has earned high reputation from customers of home and abroad. We are looking forward to cooperating with you to forge a better future!
| 1. Product Application Fields |
| Construction Machinery Agriculture Machinery Mining Equipment High-Speed Rail Automobile Industry Petrochemical Energy Shipbuilding General Machinery |
| 2. Research and Development |
| CAD Software 3D Solid Modeling DEFORM Simulation Software |
| 3. Material |
| Carbon Steel Alloy Steel Stainless Steel Aluminum |
| 4. Heating Equipment |
| Electric Intermediate Frequency Furnace |
| 5. Forging Equipment |
| 2500Ton Double Disc Friction Press 1600Ton Double Disc Friction Press 1000Ton Double Disc Friction Press 630Ton Double Disc Friction Press 400Ton Double Disc Friction Press Sawing Machine Shot Blasting Machine Air Hammer Punch |
| 6. Forging Weight Range |
| 0.05kg-100kg |
| 7. Heat Treatment Equipment |
| Electric heating furnaces with precise computerized temperature control to achieve desired hardness and mechanical properties. Water/Oil/Polymer quenching pool with mechanical Propeller agitation. Induction/Flame hardening equipment. |
| 8. Machining Equipment |
| CNC Center CNC Milling Machine CNC Drilling Machine CNC Lathe Grinding Machine Wire Cutting Machine Electric Pulse Machine EDM |
| 9.Inspection Equipment |
| Direct-Reading Spectrometer Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine Rockwell Hardness Tester Brinell Hardness Tester Vickers Hardness Tester Metallographic Analyzer Magnetic Particle Tester Ultrasonic Tester CMM Infrared Thermometer |
| 10.Certification of Quality Management System |
| ISO9001:2008 ISO/TS16949 |
FAQ:
1. Are you a genuine manufacturer?Yes, all products showed in our website are produced in our ISO9001:2015 certified factory; We are also a company registered by China Customs with the right to export and import.
2. I want to keep our design in confidence; can we sign NDA?Sure, to protect customers' profit is our obligatory responsibility, signed NDA would be valid to both of us..
3. What should I offer to get your quotation?Please offer us your detailed information for the product, such as drawings with 2D/3D by software Pro/E, Auto CAD, SolidWorks, UG etc; as well as materials, surface treatment, quantity, package. Any special requirements should be highlighted especially for tolerance.
4.How long does it take to receive samples?
20 working days,the lead time is the general production period and does not include the transportation time.
we can supply free samples with less quantity,but customers need to pay shipping cost.
5.How long is the manufacturing lead time?
Mass Production:30-45 working days after sample approval by yours.The lead time is the general production period without the transportation time.
We could make some special production arrangement effectively if customer has urgent need.
6.How long does it take to ship goods from China by sea?
It takes about 5 weeks to European ports plus 1 week customs clearance, so you can get the container within 6 to 7 weeks.It takes about 2 weeks to east coast and 3 weeks to west coast US ports.All sea goods are shipped from HangZhou Port.
7.How long does it take to ship goods from China by air?
It takes about 7 days to all major destinations.
8.What are the payment terms?
Payment terms are negotiable and will improve for long term customers.During the initial stages, we request 50% of tooling fee in advance with the balance payable on acceptance of samples.Production orders can be negotiable.We prefer 30% deposit and the balance by T/T before sails.But sometimes T/T15 days after sails would also acceptable.
9.New product development process
Got tooling order and sample order with 50% deposit---Hold a meeting with the relation dept.To ensure the developing schedule---Design mould, fixture and gauge and making them in our factory---mould.fixture and gauge making---producing samples---approved from customer-purchasing material-forging-heat treatment-shot blasting-machining-Inspection-package---delievry
10.Which countries do you export to?
Now mainly export to U.S.A, Germany, France, Italy, UK, Brazil, Swedish, Japan, Korea, Middle east of Asia, Thailand and so on.
11.Can we visit the factory to conduct an audit?
Yes, you are welcome to visit our factory.
12.How to handle the complains?
--If happen any complaints after delivery,please just show us photos and detail compliants points, we will check with the production department and QC department Immediately and give you best solving solution which agreed by both of us,moreover we will bear all the cost (including shipping cost).
All parts are made according to customer's drawings or samples.If you have any parts to be made, please feel free to send your kind drawings/samples to us.Technical drawings including material mark, Product weight, Purchase quantity.The comprehensive information will help us quickly calculate the accurate and reasonable price for you.
Analytical Approaches to Estimating Contact Pressures in Spline Couplings
A spline coupling is a type of mechanical connection between 2 rotating shafts. It consists of 2 parts - a coupler and a coupling. Both parts have teeth which engage and transfer loads. However, spline couplings are typically over-dimensioned, which makes them susceptible to fatigue and static behavior. Wear phenomena can also cause the coupling to fail. For this reason, proper spline coupling design is essential for achieving optimum performance.
Modeling a spline coupling
Spline couplings are becoming increasingly popular in the aerospace industry, but they operate in a slightly misaligned state, causing both vibrations and damage to the contact surfaces. To solve this problem, this article offers analytical approaches for estimating the contact pressures in a spline coupling. Specifically, this article compares analytical approaches with pure numerical approaches to demonstrate the benefits of an analytical approach.
To model a spline coupling, first you create the knowledge base for the spline coupling. The knowledge base includes a large number of possible specification values, which are related to each other. If you modify 1 specification, it may lead to a warning for violating another. To make the design valid, you must create a spline coupling model that meets the specified specification values.
After you have modeled the geometry, you must enter the contact pressures of the 2 spline couplings. Then, you need to determine the position of the pitch circle of the spline. In Figure 2, the centre of the male coupling is superposed to that of the female spline. Then, you need to make sure that the alignment meshing distance of the 2 splines is the same.
Once you have the data you need to create a spline coupling model, you can begin by entering the specifications for the interface design. Once you have this data, you need to choose whether to optimize the internal spline or the external spline. You'll also need to specify the tooth friction coefficient, which is used to determine the stresses in the spline coupling model 20. You should also enter the pilot clearance, which is the clearance between the tip 186 of a tooth 32 on 1 spline and the feature on the mating spline.
After you have entered the desired specifications for the external spline, you can enter the parameters for the internal spline. For example, you can enter the outer diameter limit 154 of the major snap 54 and the minor snap 56 of the internal spline. The values of these parameters are displayed in color-coded boxes on the Spline Inputs and Configuration GUI screen 80. Once the parameters are entered, you'll be presented with a geometric representation of the spline coupling model 20.
Creating a spline coupling model 20
The spline coupling model 20 is created by a product model software program 10. The software validates the spline coupling model against a knowledge base of configuration-dependent specification constraints and relationships. This report is then input to the ANSYS stress analyzer program. It lists the spline coupling model 20's geometric configurations and specification values for each feature. The spline coupling model 20 is automatically recreated every time the configuration or performance specifications of the spline coupling model 20 are modified.
The spline coupling model 20 can be configured using the product model software program 10. A user specifies the axial length of the spline stack, which may be zero, or a fixed length. The user also enters a radial mating face 148, if any, and selects a pilot clearance specification value of 14.5 degrees or 30 degrees.
A user can then use the mouse 110 to modify the spline coupling model 20. The spline coupling knowledge base contains a large number of possible specification values and the spline coupling design rule. If the user tries to change a spline coupling model, the model will show a warning about a violation of another specification. In some cases, the modification may invalidate the design.
In the spline coupling model 20, the user enters additional performance requirement specifications. The user chooses the locations where maximum torque is transferred for the internal and external splines 38 and 40. The maximum torque transfer location is determined by the attachment configuration of the hardware to the shafts. Once this is selected, the user can click "Next" to save the model. A preview of the spline coupling model 20 is displayed.
The model 20 is a representation of a spline coupling. The spline specifications are entered in the order and arrangement as specified on the spline coupling model 20 GUI screen. Once the spline coupling specifications are entered, the product model software program 10 will incorporate them into the spline coupling model 20. This is the last step in spline coupling model creation.
Analysing a spline coupling model 20
An analysis of a spline coupling model consists of inputting its configuration and performance specifications. These specifications may be generated from another computer program. The product model software program 10 then uses its internal knowledge base of configuration dependent specification relationships and constraints to create a valid three-dimensional parametric model 20. This model contains information describing the number and types of spline teeth 32, snaps 34, and shoulder 36.
When you are analysing a spline coupling, the software program 10 will include default values for various specifications. The spline coupling model 20 comprises an internal spline 38 and an external spline 40. Each of the splines includes its own set of parameters, such as its depth, width, length, and radii. The external spline 40 will also contain its own set of parameters, such as its orientation.
Upon selecting these parameters, the software program will perform various analyses on the spline coupling model 20. The software program 10 calculates the nominal and maximal tooth bearing stresses and fatigue life of a spline coupling. It will also determine the difference in torsional windup between an internal and an external spline. The output file from the analysis will be a report file containing model configuration and specification data. The output file may also be used by other computer programs for further analysis.
Once these parameters are set, the user enters the design criteria for the spline coupling model 20. In this step, the user specifies the locations of maximum torque transfer for both the external and internal spline 38. The maximum torque transfer location depends on the configuration of the hardware attached to the shafts. The user may enter up to 4 different performance requirement specifications for each spline.
The results of the analysis show that there are 2 phases of spline coupling. The first phase shows a large increase in stress and vibration. The second phase shows a decline in both stress and vibration levels. The third stage shows a constant meshing force between 300N and 320N. This behavior continues for a longer period of time, until the final stage engages with the surface.
Misalignment of a spline coupling
A study aimed to investigate the position of the resultant contact force in a spline coupling engaging teeth under a steady torque and rotating misalignment. The study used numerical methods based on Finite Element Method (FEM) models. It produced numerical results for nominal conditions and parallel offset misalignment. The study considered 2 levels of misalignment - 0.02 mm and 0.08 mm - with different loading levels.
The results showed that the misalignment between the splines and rotors causes a change in the meshing force of the spline-rotor coupling system. Its dynamics is governed by the meshing force of splines. The meshing force of a misaligned spline coupling is related to the rotor-spline coupling system parameters, the transmitting torque, and the dynamic vibration displacement.
Despite the lack of precise measurements, the misalignment of splines is a common problem. This problem is compounded by the fact that splines usually feature backlash. This backlash is the result of the misaligned spline. The authors analyzed several splines, varying pitch diameters, and length/diameter ratios.
A spline coupling is a two-dimensional mechanical system, which has positive backlash. The spline coupling is comprised of a hub and shaft, and has tip-to-root clearances that are larger than the backlash. A form-clearance is sufficient to prevent tip-to-root fillet contact. The torque on the splines is transmitted via friction.
When a spline coupling is misaligned, a torque-biased thrust force is generated. In such a situation, the force can exceed the torque, causing the component to lose its alignment. The two-way transmission of torque and thrust is modeled analytically in the present study. The analytical approach provides solutions that can be integrated into the design process. So, the next time you are faced with a misaligned spline coupling problem, make sure to use an analytical approach!
In this study, the spline coupling is analyzed under nominal conditions without a parallel offset misalignment. The stiffness values obtained are the percentage difference between the nominal pitch diameter and load application diameter. Moreover, the maximum percentage difference in the measured pitch diameter is 1.60% under a torque of 5000 N*m. The other parameter, the pitch angle, is taken into consideration in the calculation.
